RapidOxy 100: An Innovative Solvent-Free Pre-Treatment to Assess Phenolic Compounds from Mustard and Canola Meal

RapidOxy® 100 is a compact, automated instrument originally designed to determine the oxidative stability of both solid and liquid samples. The compact and portable design of RapidOxy® 100, and its built-in pressurized heating chamber, provides an environment for studying processing conditions. The feasibility of using oxygen or inert atmosphere provides the required environment to study our antioxidants through dry-heat treatment. The current study used RapidOxy® 100 to examine the impact of pressurized dry-heat treatment under nitrogen on the extraction of phenolic compounds. The study investigated the effect of different pre-treatment temperature-time combinations of 120, 140, 160 and 180oC for 2, 5, 10, 15 20 minutes on the subsequent extraction of phenolic compounds. Pre-treated samples were then extracted using a standard ultrasound extraction procedure with 70% (v/v) methanol as the extractant. The major phenolic compounds identified by HPLC in canola were sinapine, sinapic acid, canolol. Other flavor-active kaempferol derivatives in the extracts including kaempferol 3-O-β-sophoroside and kaempferol 3-O-(2‴-O-sinapoyl-β-sophoroside) were tentatively identified using mass spectrometry. The optimum RapidOxy® condition for the maximum recovery of canolol was 160oC for 10 minutes. RapidOxy® 100 proved a versatile instrument for enhancing the extraction of phenolic antioxidant compounds.