Presentation Description / Session Abstract: Immunologic approaches to cancer treatment are now at the forefront of advancements in the treatment of human cancer patients. Adoptive cellular immunotherapy, i.e. transfer of autologous or allogeneic immune cells to a recipient patient for therapeutic benefit, has made significant advances in recent years, most notably using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for certain hematological malignancies in people. However, adoptive natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy offers several potential advantages over T cell based approaches. In this session, a basic understanding of NK cell biology will be presented and the rationale for adoptive NK cell therapy described. The challenges and approach that will be used for conducting a phase I clinical trial of adoptive NK cell therapy in dogs with spontaneous appendicular osteosarcoma will be described.