The adipose tissue (AT) is a multisite organ that plays significant roles in the homeorhetic adaptation to lactation in periparturient dairy cows. First, AT releases free fatty acids from its triglycerides reserves through lipolysis that are used as a substrate for lactogenesis and bodily functions during periparturient negative energy balance. Second, AT secretes numerous adipokines that directly and indirectly adapt other organs to use free fatty acids (FFA) as energy substrates. Third, AT goes through a remodeling process that includes infiltration of anti-inflammatory macrophages that promote the differentiation of new adipocytes that are capable of buffering FFA excess accumulated during the first week of lactation. A successful transition from gestation to lactation requires that the AT efficiently integrates systemic metabolic and inflammatory signals. This manuscript summarizes our current understanding of AT biology in the periparturient period of dairy cows focusing on essential integrative functions that support lactational homeorhesis and metabolic and immune responses during disease.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, the participant will be able to describe the process of lipid mobilization in periparturient cows
Upon completion, the participant will be able to define the process of adipose tissue remodeling during the periparturient period of dairy cows
Upon completion, the participant will be able to describe key auto-, para-, and endocrine functions of the adipose tissue during the periparturient period of dairy cows
