Introduction: Anal cancer (AC) is an uncommon, but through early immunization, is a potentially preventable neoplasm in the United States. Recent data suggests an increase in its incidence. More than 90% of squamous AC are associated with human papilloma virus. The aims of our study were to: 1. Assess the annual percent change (APC) of anal cancer among the US population younger and older than 50; 2. Explore the APC among these two populations by histology type, gender, and race. Methods: We utilized the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) programs to distinguish all the cases of AC diagnosed from 2001 and 2016. The cases of AC were identified using the site from the ICD code for Oncology (ICD-O-3), coded as “anus”. The age-adjusted incidence and APC were then calculated. Results: There were 91,679 AC cases from 2001 to 2016, with 74,573 (81.3%) cases were 50 years or older. Females comprised 62.5%, Caucasians 86.7%, African-Americans 10.9%, Others 2.4%. A total of 82.5% were squamous cell carcinoma, 10.6% adenocarcinoma, 1.5% melanoma, 0.7% carcinoid, 4.7% other types. An increase in the incidence rate of AC was noted since 2001 with APC 2.1 (CI: 1.7-2.5) and in age group ≥50 years with APC 2.8 (CI: 2.5, 3.1), but not < 50 years. Individuals ³50 years had an increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma with an APC 3.7 (CI: 3.3, 4.0), whereas adenocarcinoma demonstrated a decreased incidence with APC -1.3 (CI:-1.9, -0.7). In this age group; 1. Females had a higher risk than males with APC 3.3 (CI: 3.0, 3.6) vs 2.1 (CI: 1.6, 2.5), 2. Caucasians had a higher risk than African-Americans with APC 3.0 (CI: 2.7, 3.4) vs 2.1 (CI: 1.6, 2.5), 3. The APC was the greatest in the age group 55-59 years (4.3, [CI: 3.6, 5.0]). Among individuals < 50 years, age 45-49 years was the only group who had an upward trend in the cancer with an APC 1.0 (CI: -0.4, 2.5). Discussion: The incidence of AC with squamous type histology is rapidly increasing in all women 50 years or older, with higher rates of increase in Caucasians than African-Americans. Widespread adoption of preventive, screening, and surveillance strategies are critical to reverse these concerning trends and diminish the disparities in this preventable disease.
Disclosures: Anas Raed indicated no relevant financial relationships. Mahima Zandu indicated no relevant financial relationships. Amol Sharma indicated no relevant financial relationships. Humberto Sifuentes indicated no relevant financial relationships. Subbaramiah Sridhar indicated no relevant financial relationships.
